Volume 1
Introduction ix
Timeline of the American Century xv
100 People Who Changed 20th-Century America 1
J. P. Morgan (1837–1913) 3
Thomas Edison (1847–1931) 9
Louis H. Sullivan (1856–1924) 14
Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919) 20
John Dewey (1859–1952) 26
Juliette Gordon Low (1860–1927) 32
Henry Ford (1863–1947) 38
William Randolph Hearst (1863–1951) 44
Wilbur (1867–1912) and Orville (1871–1948) Wright 49
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868–1963) 54
L. L. Bean (1872–1967) 59
D. W. Griffith (1875 –1948) 65
Margaret Sanger (1879–1966) 73
Frances Perkins (1880 –1965) 78
Cecil B. DeMille (1881–1959) 84
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882–1945) 90
Eugene O’Neill (1888–1953) 96
T. S. Eliot (1888–1965) 102
Edwin Powell Hubble (1889–1953) 108
Edwin Howard Armstrong (1890–1954) 114
David Sarnoff (1891–1971) 119
Leo Burnett (1891–1971) 125
Reinhold Niebuhr (1892–1971) 130
Alfred C. Kinsey (1894–1956) 136
John Ford (1894–1973) 145
Martha Graham (1894–1991) 153
Babe Ruth (1895–1948) 158
Bill Wilson (1895–1971) 163
Walter Winchell (1897–1972) 170
George Gershwin (1898–1937) 176
Henry R. Luce (1898–1967) 181
Al Capone (1899–1947) 187
Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961) 192
Linus Pauling (1901–1994) 199
Walt Disney (1901–1966) 205
Louis Armstrong (1901–1971) 211
Ansel Adams (1902–1984) 219
Ray Kroc (1902–1984) 225
Benjamin McLane Spock (1903–1998) 231
Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967) 237
Estee Lauder (1906–2004) 243
Philo T. Farnsworth (1906–1971) 248
Rachel Carson (1907–1964) 255
William J. Levitt (1907–1994) 262
Edward R. Murrow (1908–1965) 270
Thurgood Marshall (1908–1993) 276
Milton Berle (1908–2002) 281
Abraham Maslow (1908–1970) 286
William Shockley (1910–1989) 292
Ronald Reagan (1911–2004) 297
Volume 2
Jackson Pollock (1912–1956) 303
Milton Friedman (1912–2006) 308
Vince Lombardi (1913–1970) 313
Jonas Salk (1914 –1995) 320
Jack LaLanne (1914–2011) 325
Paul Samuelson (1915–2009) 330
Ruth Handler (1916–2002) and the Barbie Doll (1959–) 335
Robert Lowell (1917–1977) 341
Sam Walton (1918–1962) 346
Billy Graham (1918–) 352
Leonard Bernstein (1918–1990) 357
Jackie Robinson (1919–1972) 364
Denton Cooley (1920–) 372
Isaac Asimov (1920–1992) 378
Richard Avedon (1923–2004) 384
Marlon Brando (1924–2004) 392
Johnny Carson (1925–2005) 397
Allen Ginsberg (1926–1997) 403
Hugh Hefner (1926–) 409
James Dewey Watson (1928–) 415
Noam Chomsky (1928–) 420
Andy Warhol (1928–1987) 426
Joan Ganz Cooney (1929–) 433
Martin Luther King Jr. (1929–1968) 438
Berry Gordy Jr. (1929–) 444
Warren E. Buffett (1930–) 449
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930–) 454
Roone Arledge (1931–2002) 459
Superman 464
Gloria Steinem (1934–) 470
Larry Kramer (1935–) 477
Elvis Presley (1935–1977) 482
Jim Brown (1936–) 489
Jack Nicklaus (1940–) 493
Bob Dylan (1941–) 498
Martha Stewart (1941–) 504
Muhammad Ali (1942–) 510
R. Crumb (1943–) 516
Billie Jean King (1943–) 522
Robert Pittman (1953–) 528
Oprah Winfrey (1954–) 534
Bill Gates (1955–) 540
Steve Jobs (1955–2011) 547
Grandmaster Flash (1958–) 554
Michael Jackson (1958–2009) 559
Michael Jordan (1963–) 564
Jimmy Wales (1966–) 570
Mark Zuckerberg (1984–) 582
Bart Simpson (1987–) 588
Selected Bibliography 595
Editorial Board 599
Contributors 601
Index 607